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(No Model.)

A. M. LOZIER. $OUNDING APPARATUS.

Patented Feb. 2, 1897.

I a ug u J I UNITED STATES PATENT ()EEICE.

ARTHUR M. LOZIER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

SOUNDING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 576,208, dated February2, 1897. Application filed April 24, 1896. Serial No. 588,862. (Nomodel.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR M. LOZIER, a citizen of the United States,residing at New York, in the county and State of New York, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Deep-Sea-Sounding Devices, ofwhich the following is a specification, reference being had to thedrawing accompanying and forming a part of the same.

In order to facilitate the taking of soundings for hydrographic andsimilar purposes, various automatic indicating and registering deviceshave been proposed, among them being a line containing an insulatedconductor with a sinker inclosing such an instrument as a Bourdon tube,the movement of which, under varying hydrostatic pressures, was to beutilized in shifting a circuit controller adapted to transmit, throughthe conductor in the sounding-line, electrical impulses to operatesuitable alarm or registering apparatus on shipboard.

In the improved sounding apparatus which forms the subject of my presentapplication for Letters Patent I employ in the sinker an instrumentcapable of a movement corresponding in degree to variations ofhydrostatic pressure and utilize such movement to vary the electricalresistance of a circuit permanently maintained between the sinker andsuitable instruments on board, which will accurately and with greatsensitiveness respond to such variations. In the combination ofinstrumentalities thus generally stated my invention resides.

In carrying out my invention I employ an apparatus of substantially thecharacter illustrated in the accompanying drawing, which is partlydiagrammatic, but showing the sinker and portions of the sounding-linein central vertical section.

A designates a hollow metal body of sufficient weight to constituteasinker suitable for deep-sea-sounding. It is attached to a'stout lineB, through which, as a core, runs an insulated cable containing anelectric conductor, or, preferably, two of such conductors O D.

Within the sinker A is mounted any suitable instrument adapted to beoperated by variations of hydrostatic pressure, but preferinterior ofthe tube E, the water-tight baseplate L in which said tube is set isformed with a depression over which is stretched a stout piece of canvasM or other porous material, preferably held in position by the plate Land a cap or ring N, acting as a clamp.

The conductors O D are brought out at the end of the sounding-line andconnected with a battery and any suitable instrument for indicatingvariations of resistances in the circuit formed by said conductors whenthe sinker is submerged. Various arrangements maybe adopted for thispurpose; but in order to secure great sensitiveness of operation Iprefer that shown, and which is as follows:

A galvanometer O is connected across the two conductors G andI) to formone of the diagonals of a IVheatstone bridge, the other diagonalcontaining the battery P. Two of the bridge-sections S T are of fixedand equal resistance. the conductors O D, through the rheostat in thesinker, on one side of the galvanometer diagonal and by a rheostat R onthe other side of saiddiagonal. By adjusting the rheostat R until thegalvanometer reads zero the resistance of the branches of the bridgewill be equalized. I therefore prepare a scale over which the arm V ofrheostat R sweeps, graduated to feet or fathoms, the divisionscorresponding to the position of the Bourdon tube in the sinker due tothe pressure at different depths. By this means the depth of the sinkermay be at once ascertained at any time by ad justing the resistance R toequal that of the other section of the bridge, as determined by theBourdon tube. This arrangement affords a much more sensitive, accurate,and con venient means of determining depths than those hithertoperformed and known to me.

The other sections are formed by The specific construction andarrangement of the parts may of course be greatly varied Withoutdeparture from the invention.

\Vhat I claim is l. A sounding apparatus comprising in combination asinker containing a device which is moved by variations of hydrostaticpressure, a rheostat varied by the movement of said device, a circuitextending through the sounding-line and including said rheostat, andelectrical devices therein adapted to respond to variations ofresistance in said circuit, as set forth.

2. The combination with a sounding-line containing the conductors of anelectric circuit and a sinker attached thereto, of a device such as aBourdon tube and a rheostat operated thereby, both carried by a sinker,a galvanoineter, a rheostat and battery, connected with the conductorsfrom the sounding-line, the rheostats, battery and galvanorneter beingarranged to form a bridge, so that the hydrostatic pressure andcorresponding depth of the sinker may be ascertained by the adjustmentand position of the rheostat on shipboard, as set forth.

3. A device for ascertainiiiig the depth or pressure of Water consistingof a device moved by variations in hydrostatic pressure, a rheostatvaried by the same, a device for indicating variations of resistance dno to the operation of the rheostat, and a circuit con neeting suchrheostat and indicating instrument, as set forth.

ARTHUR M. LOZIER.

Witnesses:

E, B. Homuxsox, G. B. LEWIs.

